Differences in Retail Inventory Investment Behavior During Macroeconomic Shocks: Role of Service Level

Differences in Retail Inventory Investment Behavior During Macroeconomic Shocks: Role of Service Level

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Article ID: iaor201524662
Volume: 23
Issue: 12
Start Page Number: 2118
End Page Number: 2136
Publication Date: Dec 2014
Journal: Production and Operations Management
Authors: ,
Keywords: inventory, supply & supply chains, management, economics, behaviour
Abstract:

In this article, we analyze how retailers change their inventory investment behavior in response to macroeconomic shocks. We examine if service level, as measured by the ratio of stockout to inventory holding costs, can explain the differences in observed behavior across retailers. We use data on macroeconomic indicators and quarterly filings of US public retailers from 1985 to 2009 to estimate a dynamic model of short‐ and long‐term impact of macroeconomic shocks on inventory investment. Our results show that retailers with a high service level increase their inventory investment significantly more than those with a low service level during expansion shocks. Conversely, retailers with a low service level curtail their inventory investment significantly more than those with a high service level during periods of economic contractions. Thus, we show that the aggregate change in inventory investment documented in prior macroeconomics research is driven by different sets of retailers, as predicted by newsvendor logic. We draw implications of our findings to retailers as well as their suppliers.

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