Positive management of differences for risk reduction in build–operate–transfer projects

This paper proposes a risk reduction strategy in winning and managing build–operate–transfer (BOT) concession through positive management of differences between enterprise stakeholders. proactive control of variation of critical risk factors and internal competency through strong and entrepreneurial leadership of consortium teams. The concepts and proposed procedures are derived from applying a relevant systemic approach to the real world of BOT concession and supported by cases. The systemic approach is a proactive process of problem defining and solving which can lead to a significant reduction in both business and project risks and enhanced performance.