Fault Diagnosis Improvement Using Dynamic Fault Model in Optimal Sensor Placement: A Case Study of Steam Turbine

Health data are collected dominantly through sensors mounted on different locations in the system. Optimization of sensor network has a significant influence on the reliability of system health prognostics process. In this research, the effect of sensors reliability is studied on their placement optimization. Sensors are considered in this study as components in system failure model. This study is aimed to use ‘Priority AND’ gate for evaluating the effect of time dependencies of sensors as well as components failure on the optimal sensor placement. Because of that, PAND gate is added to the fault tree between all sensors and their corresponding components to develop the failure model of each sensor placement scenario. For calculating the probability of top event, a Monte Carlo‐based algebraic approach is proposed. In algebraic approach, temporal operator ‘BEFORE’ is proposed for calculating the probability of ‘PAND’ gate. The result of using ‘BEFORE’ operator is an analytical solution for probability of each cut sequence. Because of the complexity of analytical solution in practical problems, a Monte Carlo simulation is utilized on the solution in this research. Then the probability of each cut sequence is calculated. Consequently, the probability of top event for each scenario is obtained. Finally, all scenarios are ranked based on top event probabilities. As a case study, optimization of sensor placement has been demonstrated on steam turbine and results are discussed.