The authors present a model for activity networks under generalized precedence relations (GPRs), discuss its temporal analysis and the issues that may arise relative to inconsistency among the specified relations and the activity durations. They also give more precise definition to the concept of criticality of an activity, and introduce the new concept of flexibility of an activity which is akin to the traditional concept of activity floats in regular CPM, with the latter taking on different meaning from its common interpretation in standard CPM. Issues of optimization are raised when one assumes, for each activity, a piecewise-linear time-cost function that permits positive and negative deviations from its least-cost duration between specified lower and upper bounds on that duration. The authors seek the optimal activity durations subject to the specified GPRs and a given due date λ. They also seek the construction of the complete project duration-cost function between the project minimum duration and its least-cost duration when the due date λ is interpreted, first, as a ‘deadline’ and, second, as a ‘target date’ with rewards for early, and penalties for late completion. The relations between the problems posed and the uncapacitated minimum cost flow problems are revealed and are utilized in the algorithmic solution of the problems.
