Exploring crude oil production and export capacity of the OPEC Middle East countries

As the world economy highly depends on crude oil, it is important to understand the dynamics of crude oil production and export capacity of major oil‐exporting countries. Since crude oil resources are predominately located in the OPEC Middle East, these countries are expected to have significant leverage in the world crude oil markets by taking into account a range of uncertainties. In this study, we develop a scenario for crude oil export and production using the ACEGES model considering uncertainties in the resource limits, demand growth, production growth, and peak/decline point. The results indicate that the country‐specific peak of both crude oil export and production comes in the early this century in the OPEC Middle East countries. On the other hand, they occupy most of the world export and production before and after the peak points. Consequently, these countries are expected to be the key group in the world crude oil markets. We also find that the gap between the world crude oil demand and production broadens over time, meaning that the acceleration of the development of ultra‐deep‐water oil, oil sands, and extra‐heavy oil will be required if the world continuous to heavily rely on oil products.