Importance measures in reliability and mathematical programming

The importance measures have been a sensitivity analysis for a probabilistic system and are applied in diverse fields along with other design tools. This paper provides a comprehensive view on modeling the importance measures to solve the reliability problems such as component assignment problems, redundancy allocation, system upgrading, and fault diagnosis and maintenance. It also investigates importance measures in broad applications such as networks, mathematical programming, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, and probabilistic risk analysis and probabilistic safety assessment. The importance‐measure based methods are among the most practical decision tools.