Operational and environmental performance measures in a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain

This paper investigates a number of operational and environmental performance measures, in particular those related to transportation operations, within a closed‐loop supply chain. A mathematical model in the form of a linear programming formulation is used to model the problem, which captures the trade‐offs between various costs, including those of emissions and of transporting commodities within the chain. Computational results are presented for a number of scenarios, using a realistic network instance.