Divisor-based biproportional apportionment in electoral systems: A real-life benchmark study

Divisor-based biproportional apportionment in electoral systems: A real-life benchmark study

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Article ID: iaor20101124
Volume: 56
Issue: 2
Start Page Number: 373
End Page Number: 387
Publication Date: Feb 2010
Journal: Management Science
Authors: , ,
Keywords: voting systems
Abstract:

Biproportional apportionment methods provide two-way proportionality in electoral systems where the electoral region is subdivided into electoral districts. The problem is to assign integral values to the elements of a matrix that are proportional to a given input matrix, and such that a set of row- and column-sum requirements are fulfilled. In a divisor-based method for biproportional apportionment, the problem is solved by computing appropriate row and column divisors, and by rounding the quotients. We present a comprehensive experimental evaluation of divisor-based biproportional apportionment in an electoral system context. By performing experiments on real-life benchmark instances (election data with multimember districts), we evaluate the general quality of divisor-based apportionments with respect to, e.g., deviation from quota, reversal orderings, and occurrences of ties. For example, we studied the frequency in which a party with a higher vote count in a district ended up with fewer seats in that district.

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