Roughly weighted hierarchical simple games

Roughly weighted hierarchical simple games

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Article ID: iaor201526322
Volume: 44
Issue: 2
Start Page Number: 295
End Page Number: 319
Publication Date: May 2015
Journal: International Journal of Game Theory
Authors: ,
Keywords: hierarchical structure, weights
Abstract:

Hierarchical simple games–both disjunctive and conjunctive–are natural generalizations of k equ1 -out-of- n equ2 games. They are ideal in the sense that they allow most efficient and secure secret sharing schemes to be defined on these games as access structures. Another important generalization of k equ3 -out-of- n equ4 games with origin in economics and politics are weighted and roughly weighted majority games. Weighted hierarchical games have been classified by Beimel et al. (2008) and Gvozdeva et al. (2012); it appeared that they cannot have more than two nontrivial levels in their hierarchy. In this paper we characterize roughly weighted hierarchical games and show that they cannot have more than three nontrivial levels. This shows that hierarchical games are rather far from weighted and even roughly weighted games, and hence provide an interesting set of examples for the theory of simple games. Our methods are purely game-theoretic.

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