Principles of Quantitative Group and Society Sciences

Philosophers and scientists have been trying since Newton's publication of his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Principia) in 1686 to erect a science of society that rested on similar general laws of nature. The belief paradigm during Newton's time was that life and societies could be described and explained by theology. By the 1950s, the paradigm for life and society had shifted from the theological to the science state. The principles of the natural sciences, such as physics and chemistry, were previously used to establish principles of quantitative living systems science for cells, organs and organisms. Here, principles are developed for a science of groups and society that are based on the natural sciences.