Relationship between DEA models without explicit inputs and DEA‐R models

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of often used modeling tools for efficiency and performance evaluation of decision making units. Ratio DEA (DEA‐R) is a group of novel mathematical models that combines standard DEA methodology and ratio analysis. The efficiency score given by standard DEA CCR model is less than or equal to that given by DEA‐R model. In case of single input or single output the efficiency scores in CCR and DEA‐R models are identical. The paper deals with DEA‐R models without explicit inputs, i.e. models where only pure outputs or index data are taken into account. A basic DEA‐R model without explicit inputs is formulated and a relation between output‐oriented DEA models without explicit inputs and output‐oriented DEA‐R models is analyzed. Central resource allocation and slack‐based measure models within DEA‐R framework are examined. Finally they are used for projections of decision making units on the efficient frontier. The results of the proposed models are applied for efficiency evaluation of 15 units (Chinese research institutes) and they are discussed.