Emissions reduction analysis of voluntary clean truck programs at US ports

This paper analyzed three incentive‐based, voluntary vehicle replacement programs underway at US ports using fleet baseline and program completion data and an emissions standard‐based emission estimation methodology. The principal findings demonstrate that best management practices for voluntary clean truck programs can substantially reduce truck drayage emissions, although not to the level achieved through mandatory programs. Emissions reductions were found to be 1–4% as compared to potential reductions of 12–15% for particulate matter and 31–34% for nitrogen oxides.