Practical beliefs vs. scientific beliefs: two kinds of maximization

Practical beliefs vs. scientific beliefs: two kinds of maximization

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Article ID: iaor2013627
Volume: 74
Issue: 1
Start Page Number: 107
End Page Number: 126
Publication Date: Jan 2013
Journal: Theory and Decision
Authors:
Keywords: decision
Abstract:

There are two kinds of beliefs. If the ultimate objective is wellbeing (utility), the generated beliefs are ‘practical.’ If the ultimate objective is truth, the generated beliefs are ‘scientific.’ This article defends the practical/scientific belief distinction. The proposed distinction has been ignored by standard rational choice theory–as well as by its two major critics, viz., the Tversky/Kahneman program and the Simon/Gigerenzer program. One ramification of the proposed distinction is clear: agents who make errors with regard to scientific beliefs (e.g., the conjunction fallacy) should not be taken as committing irrationality–because they are most probably engaging the other kind of maximization, the pursuit of wellbeing.

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