Optimal design of stationary supercapacitors storage devices for light electrical transportation systems

Recently a great interest has been paid in the relevant literature to the use of energy storage systems for the performance improvement of electrified light transit systems. In this context, the main targets are the increase of the energetic efficiency and the reduction of pantograph voltage drops. Therefore, it can be very interesting the determination of the optimal characteristics of a storage device for satisfying these objectives, both in stationary and onboard case. In this paper, this problem is approached for a sample case study, by showing that the optimal design of a stationary storage device can be regarded as a classical isoperimetric problem, whose solution is very attractive in order to determine also the optimal allocation of the storage device. For more complex configurations of the transit system, the methodology presented can be extended by solving a constrained optimization problem, which in a quite general manner is capable of matching all the assigned technical requirements. The reported simulations confirm the validity of the proposed design approach.