Let
be a graph and
be an assignment of thresholds to the vertices of
. A subset of vertices
is said to be a dynamic monopoly corresponding to
if the vertices of
can be partitioned into subsets
such that
and for any
, each vertex
in
has at least
neighbors in
. Dynamic monopolies are in fact modeling the irreversible spread of influence in social networks. In this paper we first obtain a lower bound for the smallest size of any dynamic monopoly in terms of the average threshold and the order of graph. Also we obtain an upper bound in terms of the minimum vertex cover of graphs. Then we derive the upper bound
for the smallest size of any dynamic monopoly when the graph
contains at least one odd vertex, where the threshold of any vertex
is set as
(i.e. strict majority threshold). This bound improves the best known bound for strict majority threshold. We show that the latter bound can be achieved by a polynomial time algorithm. We also show that
is an upper bound for the size of strict majority dynamic monopoly, where
stands for the matching number of
. Finally, we obtain a basic upper bound for the smallest size of any dynamic monopoly, in terms of the average threshold and vertex degrees. Using this bound we derive some other upper bounds.