How a fast lane may replace a congestion toll

How a fast lane may replace a congestion toll

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Article ID: iaor20115841
Volume: 45
Issue: 6
Start Page Number: 845
End Page Number: 851
Publication Date: Jul 2011
Journal: Transportation Research Part B
Authors:
Keywords: bottlenecks, congestion, traffic flow, tolls
Abstract:

This paper considers a congested bottleneck. A fast lane reserves a more than proportional share of capacity to a designated group of travelers. Travelers are otherwise identical and other travelers can use the reserved capacity when it would otherwise be idle. The paper shows that such a fast lane is always Pareto improving under Nash equilibrium in arrival times at the bottleneck and inelastic demand. It can replicate the arrival schedule and queueing outcomes of a toll that optimally charges a constant toll during part of the demand peak. Within some bounds, the fast lane scheme is still welfare improving when demand is elastic.

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