| Article ID: | iaor20113523 |
| Volume: | 39 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| Start Page Number: | 1909 |
| End Page Number: | 1922 |
| Publication Date: | Apr 2011 |
| Journal: | Energy Policy |
| Authors: | Musiolik Jrg, Markard Jochen |
| Keywords: | networks, energy |
We combine technological innovation systems with resource‐based reasoning. Formal networks are strategically set up to create and shape technological innovation systems. Formal networks create system resources which provide positive externalities in emerging fields. Collective action is essential for the build‐up of energy innovation systems.