Design of safety‐critical systems using the complementarities of success and failure domains with a case study

A safety‐critical system has to qualify the performance‐related requirements and the safety‐related requirements simultaneously. Conceptually, design processes should consider both of them simultaneously but the practices do not and/or cannot follow such a theoretical approach due to the limitation of design resources. From our experience, we found that safety‐related functions must be simultaneously resolved with the development of performance‐related functions, particularly, in case of safety‐critical systems. Since, success and failure domain analyses are essential for the investigation of performance‐related and safety‐related requirements, respectively, we articulated our perception to Axiomatic Design (AD), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), and TRIZ. A design evolution procedure considering feedbacks from AD to identify functional couplings, TRIZ methodology to explore uncoupling solutions and FTA to improve reliability in a systematic way is presented here. A case study regarding design of safety injection tank installed in a nuclear power plant is also included to illustrate the proposed framework. It is expected that several iterations between AD–TRIZ–FTA would result into an optimized design which could be tested against the desired performance and safety criteria.