Environmental protection has taken serious notice of global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has proved that CO2 is one of the factors for global warming. Furthermore, the majority of this emission comes from the vehicles using petroleum fuels. For this reason, alternative fuels become a very popular issue. There are many automakers and researchers endeavoring to develop alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). There already have been many types of alternative fuels used in vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), fuel cell (hydrogen) vehicles, natural gas vehicles (CNG), methanol vehicles, ethanol vehicles, and bio‐diesel vehicles, etc. Different types of the alternative fuels have different characteristics to which attention should be paid. It is difficult for users to identify which one is the best choice for them to use. This problem concerns the characteristics of each alternative fuel. A lot of criteria and aspects related to the alternative fuels should be considered at the same time. In this study, we try to apply the Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method to deal with the importance and causal relationships among the evaluation factors of AFVs. Results show the top three critical evaluation criteria are ‘new car cost’, ‘cruising range’, and ‘fuel efficiency’; ‘air pollution’ is the key cause factor influencing others; and ‘cruising range’ is the key effect factor influenced by others. It is no accident that cost is the most critical factor for users. Consequently, it is suggested to automakers and researchers to carefully analyze the characteristics of each alternative fuel. Fuel efficiency is not only focused on by users, but also it will affect the cruising range. Air pollution is what users care about, so even zero‐emission vehicles (ZEVs), which cost more but have lower emission and higher fuel efficiency, could be accepted. There seems to be no perfect AFV, but to endeavor on ZEVs will reduce some disadvantages.
