What to do about CO2

The greenhouse effect presents one of the most complex and far-reaching environmental issues yet encountered. Despite uncertainties about the complicated phenomena that give rise to the greenhouse effect, there can be little doubt that a large rapid change in climate could have profound consequences for life on earth. This paper first reviews the scientific and technical aspects relevant to understanding the greenhouse phenomenon, its potential consequences, and the attendant uncertainties. Next, the range of possible policy responses is outlined. Finally, several pragmatic options called ‘tie-in strategies’ are suggested. These strategies are distinguished by the fact that they provide desirable societal benefits even if undesirable, greenhouse-induced changes do not occur.