Modelling and simulating multi-echelon food systems

This paper presents a method for modelling the dynamic behaviour of food supply chains and evaluating alternative designs of the supply chain by applying discrete-event simulation. The modelling method is based on the concepts of business processes, design variables at strategic and operational levels, performance indicators, and business entities, as these concepts allow relevant aspects of a food supply chain to be described and modelled. Our simulation model is based on timed coloured Petri-nets to support decision-making when redesigning a supply chain for chilled food products. Scenario analysis allowed us to evaluate the potential benefits of alternative designs for this supply chain in terms of logistical performance. In this case study, major benefits were identified. The results of the scenario analysis are compared with the outcomes of a pilot project where one scenario was implemented in real life.