A structural optimization approach and software based on genetic algorithms and finite elements

The use of new evolutionary techniques such as genetic algorithms in optimization has increased lately due to their efficiency in solving non-conventional optimization problems. This fact has led to this work in which genetic algorithms and structural finite-element analysis methods are combined to develop a useful approach to optimize the geometry, size and shape of a structure. A brief overview of genetic algorithms is presented and discussed as well as some classical and advanced genetic operators, which have been demonstrated to be useful in structural optimization. Some guidelines showing how the developed software works are presented as well as flowcharts. Finally, two illustrative engineering examples are discussed in order to show the versatility of both the approach and the computational tool.