The exact simulation of an electric line by ladder networks

The problem of the modeling and simulation of an electric line has been considered. From the electrical point of view, both the ‘T’ and the ‘L’ infinite ladder networks (a repetition of infinite elementary cells each constituted by longitudinal and transversal impedances which form a symmetrical ladder structure) are proved to be discrete exact models of the transmission line. Moreover, we show that the ‘half-T’ ladder network, more commonly used, can be utilized for the simulation of the electric line only in the case of load impedance equal to the characteristic one.