Some mathematical considerations on the parent–offspring conflict phenomenon

A stochastic dynamic programming model for parent–offspring conflict is analysed and discussed. We discuss how the conflict is resolved and how the ultimate offspring's independence age is determined between parent and offspring. The results of the mathematical model indicate the possibility that the observed behaviour of parental care may change depending on the parent's age. This is because the compromise conclusion of the parent–offspring conflict depends on the parent's age; that is, essentially, on the parent's expected future reproductive value. Moreover, it is shown that the observed parent–offspring conflict possibly depends also on the parent's age.